KSPC Type KSFE End-of-Line Deflagration Arrester

End of line or free vent flame arrestors allow free venting in combination with flame protection for vertical vent applications.They prevent flame propagation by absorbing and dissipating heat using spiral wound crimped ribbon 316Lss flame cells. The KSFE unit gives the protection needed. For sizes 4” and under after ignition of the out flowing gases a fusible element melts, the spring loaded cover automatically opens and the full surface of the flame arrestor is exposed so that the flame arrestor element will not attain the ignition temperature through heat absorption.

• The units are passive devices with no moving parts.
• Flame Arresters prevent the propagation of flame from the exposed side of the unit to the protected side by the use of a 316 stainless steel crimped metal ribbon type flame cell element. This construction produces a matrix of uniform openings that are carefully constructed to quench the flame by absorbing the heat. This provides an extinguishing barrier to the ignited vapour mixture.
• The standard flame cell is suitable for IEC 11A or NEC group D gases. Cells for other gas groups are available as additional extras.

Selection Criteria

Flame propagation poses significant dangers to systems and personnel in industries worldwide. Careful consideration must be taken to determine whether to use a Deflagration Flame Arrestor or a Detonation Flame Arrestor. There are two basic determinations when evaluating the intended application:

• The location of the ignition source from the flame arrestor, and;
• what needs to be protected.

First, determine the location of all potential ignition sources (i.e. flare, vacuum pump, blower, burner, lightning strike, static discharge, etc).
Second, evaluate the system to determine exactly what should be protected (i.e., the gas source, process component, personnel, upstream process facility, tank, etc.).

When you have determined the ignition source(s) and what is to be protected, the following parameters should be evaluated in order to determine the appropriate flame arrestment protective device:

• Length and configuration of pipe and pipe between ignition source and arrestor.
• System gas grouping.
• System operating pressure
• System operating temperature
• Flame stabilisation on element
• Pressure loss requirement through arrester

All of these variables affect the design of the arrestor and can also affect the dynamics of flame propagation.

Inline and End of Line Deflagration Flame Arrester Applications
The inline flame arrestor and the end of line (free vent) arrestor are used to stop flame propagation of confined and unconfined low pressure deflagrations. They are typically used
for limited piping applications when the system operating pressure is near atmospheric levels.

Detonation Flame Arrester Applications

The detonation flame arrestor is an advanced technology flame arrestor. They are used to stop the high pressures and velocities associated with detonation. They stop confined and unconfined low and high pressure deflagrations, stable and overdriven detonations. Application parameters for the detonation flame arrestors far exceed those of flame arrestors for pipe lengths, configurations, system operating pressures, and flame stabilisation. Our flame arrestors are designed, manufactured and tested according to API2000, BS7244 and BSEN1287 test standards and codes.

System gas grouping

The type of gas in the system and it’s corresponding gas group determines the design of the arrestor element. The SS316L element must be designed to accommodate the specific gas group that could possibly ignite and propagate in the system. The available designs consist of International Electric Code (IEC) group gases into IIC, IIB, IIA and I, the National Electric Code (NEC) groups gases into A, B, C and D categories depending on the MESG value of the gas.